[LONDON] The greenback dropped against the yen and hovered around multi-year lows versus the euro and the Swiss franc on Tuesday (Apr 22) as President Donald Trump’s attacks on the Federal Reserve raised concerns about the central bank’s independence.
Analysts said that the US dollar was left in an especially fragile state amid market concerns over the US administration’s tariffs, which could trigger a global trade war.
Doubts about Fed independence threaten the greenback’s value as a reserve currency, with analysts noting possible divestments from what many consider over-exposure to US assets.
The US currency accelerated losses after Thailand’s prime minister said trade negotiations with Washington – scheduled to begin on Wednesday – would be postponed.
Trump ramped up his criticism of Fed chief Jerome Powell on Monday, calling him a “major loser” and demanding that he lower interest rates or risk an economic slowdown.
On Friday, White House economic adviser Kevin Hassett said the president and his team were continuing to study whether they could fire Powell, who said last week the central bank can afford to be patient in judging how to set policy.
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“The current worst-case scenario for the greenback is that Powell caves in and delivers an emergency rate cut, although that remains a low-probability event,” said Francesco Pesole, strategist at ING.
“Removing Powell from office or his resignation would have similar market effects.”
Money markets priced in a less than 10 per cent chance of a Fed rate cut in May and 90 basis points by year-end, roughly in line with the levels seen last week.
Barclays lifted its euro/US dollar forecast to US$1.15, based on the assessment of the removal of the Fed chair as a low-likelihood event, but argued that further revisions could therefore soon be needed should the situation escalate.
China on Monday accused Washington of abusing tariffs and warned countries against striking a broader economic deal with the United States at its expense.
The greenback was down 0.4 per cent at 140.28 yen, after falling below the psychological 140 level for the first time since mid-September.
The US dollar rose 0.3 per cent to 0.8113 Swiss franc, not far from the decade-low 0.8042 reached in the previous session.
The euro fell 0.13 per cent to US$1.1498, after jumping to US$1.1573 on Monday for the first time since November 2021.
“Underlying dynamics differ and the yen’s rise looks more fragile than the euro’s,” said Shusuke Yamada, forex strategist at Bank of America Japan, after flagging that both currencies gained about 12 per cent against the US dollar.
“The yen’s rise has accompanied a bigger rise in speculative positioning and increasing focus on a potential US-Japan currency deal”, while “structural outflows from Japan have gone out of market radar”, he added.
While some analysts bet Washington will pressure Tokyo to help prop up the yen, Japan sees little scope for direct action.
The US dollar index, which measures the greenback against six other major currencies, was up 0.1 per cent at 98.41, after sinking as low as 97.923 in the previous session, a level not seen since March 2022.
Markets closely watched developments on the war in Ukraine as the Kremlin said on Tuesday that there were no concrete plans for talks between Russia and Ukraine, but such contacts could take place if Ukraine was willing to remove certain obstacles. REUTERS